Antimicrobial peptide HI-3 from Hermetia illucens alleviates inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via suppression of the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway.

Hermetia illucens-3 (HI-3), an active insect antimicrobial peptide extracted from H. illucens larvae, exerts antibacterial and anticancer activity. However, the inflammatory effects and their relative molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To explore the inflammatory effects of HI-3, an inflammatory model was induced using 1 ng/mL LPS in RAW264.7 cells. The cell viability and phagocytosis of LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were then detected after HI-3 treatment. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and the expression levels of both p65 and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB) were measured. Results showed that HI-3 could inhibit the differentiation, proliferation, phagocytosis, and antioxidant ability, as well as the secretion and messenger RNA expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1ß of LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased after HI-3 treatment. Western blotting results showed that HI-3 suppressed LPS-induced p65 and IκB activation in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, HI-3 exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of p65 and IκB, which indicated that HI-3 could be a promising therapeutic medicine for inflammation.

A biomimetic nanoplatform for customized photothermal therapy of HNSCC evaluated on patient-derived xenograft models / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Cancer cell membrane (CCM) derived nanotechnology functionalizes nanoparticles (NPs) to recognize homologous cells, exhibiting translational potential in accurate tumor therapy. However, these nanoplatforms are majorly generated from fixed cell lines and are typically evaluated in cell line-derived subcutaneous-xenografts (CDX), ignoring the tumor heterogeneity and differentiation from inter- and intra- individuals and microenvironments between heterotopic- and orthotopic-tumors, limiting the therapeutic efficiency of such nanoplatforms. Herein, various biomimetic nanoplatforms (CCM-modified gold@Carbon, i.e., Au@C-CCM) were fabricated by coating CCMs of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines and patient-derived cells on the surface of Au@C NP. The generated Au@C-CCMs were evaluated on corresponding CDX, tongue orthotopic xenograft (TOX), immune-competent primary and distant tumor models, and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The Au@C-CCM generates a photothermal conversion efficiency up to 44.2% for primary HNSCC therapy and induced immunotherapy to inhibit metastasis via photothermal therapy-induced immunogenic cell death. The homologous CCM endowed the nanoplatforms with optimal targeting properties for the highest therapeutic efficiency, far above those with mismatched CCMs, resulting in distinct tumor ablation and tumor growth inhibition in all four models. This work reinforces the feasibility of biomimetic NPs combining modular designed CMs and functional cores for customized treatment of HNSCC, can be further extended to other malignant tumors therapy.

Uncertainty Evaluation for the Determination of Dexamethasone in Cosmetics by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry / 中国药师

Objective:To evaluate the measurement uncertainty in the determination of dexamethasone in cosmetics by ultra per-formance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Methods: The uncertainty caused by various factors in the whole determination process was analyzed,including weighing,standard solution preparation,calibration fitting,extraction and de-termination. Results:The combined uncertainty in the determination of dexamethasone in cosmetics was 0.75 μg·g-1and the ex-panded uncertainty was 1.5 μg·g-1. The content of dexamethasone in cosmetics was(20.4 ± 1.5) μg·g-1(k=2,confidence inter-val p=95%). Conclusion:The uncertainty of the method is mainly caused by standard solution preparation and calibration fitting.

Differences in Various Detection Methods for Residual Solvents in Cosmetics and Drugs / 中国药师

Objective:To summarize the differences and similarities in the detection methods for residual solvents between Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics 2015 edition and Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition so as to provide reference for the improve-ment of the detection methods for residual solvents in Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics. Methods:The type and limitations of residual solvents and the characteristics of the test methods for residual solvents between Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics 2015 edition and Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition were compared and analyzed. Results: The detection methods for residual sol-vents in Chinese Pharmacopoeia were more detailed. The detection methods for residual solvents in Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics were general detection method, and the process could be applied in the detection of more solvents. Some detection methods were short of limitations. Conclusion:The control of residual solvents in cosmetics should be improved if the limitations table of the limiting used solvents is introduced into Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics referring to Chinese Pharmacopoeia and increase the types of residual solvents detected by the general methods.

A Comparison of Curative Effect of Cinepazide Maleate and Nimodipine in Patients with Hypertensive Cerebral Hemorrhage after Microtraumatic Craniopuncture / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the effects of cinepazide maleate and nimodipine in improving the neurological function in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage after microtraumatic craniopuncture.Methods Seventy-eight patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into 2 groups,cinepazide maleate group (39 patients)and nimodipine group(39 patients).After 3 days operated with the microtraumatic craniopuncture,cinepazide maleate group used the amount 160mg cinepazide maleate mixed with sodium chloride injection(500ml,concentration 0.9%),and the nimodipine group uesd nimodipine(4mg)mixed with the same injection.Both the patients of the 2 groups were given intravenous drip once a day,then after continuous 14 days,the general information and the improvement of nerve were observeed.Results The total improvement rate and the improvement rate of nervous symptom was 87.2%and 61.5%respectively,in comparison,the nimodipine group was 64.1%and 39.9%.Conclusion Cinepazide maleate was better than nimodipine in improving chnical symptoms and the neurological deficit of the patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage after microtraumatic craniopuncture.